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Festuca myuros

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Genus: Festuca

rat tail fescue

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Annuals.

Stems: Culms solitary or several and loosely tufted, erect or ascending from a decumbent base, 1.5–5(–7) dm tall, lower nodes geniculate, glabrous.

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate, distichous. Blades filiform or linear, involute. Upper surfaces scabrous; lower surfaces glabrous. Margins entire. Veins parallel. Sheaths glabrous; ligule erose–ciliate, 0.2–0.6 mm long, usually longer on the sides. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in panicles usually secund, narrow, (4–)5–18(–20) cm long, with ascending or appressed branches, the lower branches often widely spaced and enclosed in the upper sheath. Spikelets 3–5–(–8)–flowered; glumes thin, strongly unequal, glabrous, first glume sometimes scale-like, 0.3–1.5 mm long, 1 nerved, second glume lanceolate, 2.5–5.5 mm long, 1–3–nerved; lemmas linear-lanceolate, 4.5–7.5 mm long, scabrous to puberulent, ± long-ciliate toward apex, produced into awns 8–15(–17) mm long. Stamen 1. Ovary superior.

Fruit: Caryopsis dark brown; linear; strongly dorsiventrally compressed; ventrally convex; 3.5–4 mm long; coherent to the lemma and palea.

Ploidy: 2n = 14; 28; 42

Habitat: Naturalized and often common in pastures; grasslands; open sites in diverse mesic forest and dry; disturbed areas; especially on steep; rocky slopes or exposed hillsides.

Elevation Range: 580–2,590 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Synonyms (49)

Avena muralis Salisb. (1796)
Bromus bohemicus F.W.Schmidt ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch (1823)
Distomomischus myuros (L.) Dulac (1867)
Festuca bromoides var. pseudomyuros (Soy.-Will.) Brewer (1863)
Festuca commutata Steud. (1854)
Festuca linearis Gilib. (1792)
Festuca megalura Nutt. (1848)
Festuca myuros f. major Rohlena (1899)
Festuca myuros subsp. pseudomyuros (Soy.-Will.) Bonnier & Layens (1894)
Festuca myuros var. distans Pauquy (1831)
Festuca myuros var. exerens Peterm. (1846)
Festuca myuros var. exserens Peterm. (1846)
Festuca myuros var. hirsuta (Hack.) Asch. & Graebn. (1901)
Festuca myuros var. major Sebast. & Mauri (1818)
Festuca myuros var. pseudonardurus (Goiran) Asch. & Graebn. (1901)
Festuca myuros var. racemifera Peterm. (1846)
Festuca myuros var. subnuda Mutel (1837)
Festuca myuros var. willemetii Noulet (1837)
Festuca pseudomyuros Soy.-Will. (1826)
Festuca pseudomyuros var. reclinata (Dumort.) T.Durand (1878)
Festuca sciuroides var. pseudomyuros Hy (1884)
Festuca sciuroides var. tecta F.W.Schultz (1842)
Mygalurus caudatus Link (1821)
Vulpia alpina L.Liu (2002)
Vulpia bromoides var. rigida Nees (1841)
Vulpia ciliata St.-Lag. (1889)
Vulpia crinita Lojac. (1909)
Vulpia longivaginata St.-Lag. (1880)
Vulpia major (Rohlena) Á.Löve & D.Löve (1961)
Vulpia megalura (Nutt.) Rydb. (1909)
Vulpia murorum Gray (1822)
Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C.Gmel. (1805)
Vulpia myuros f. exserens (Peterm.) Soó (1972)
Vulpia myuros f. hirsuta (Hack.) C.H.Blom (1934)
Vulpia myuros f. megalura (Nutt.) Stace & R.Cotton (1976)
Vulpia myuros f. racemifera (Peterm.) Soó (1972)
Vulpia myuros subsp. megalura (Nutt.) Soják (1980)
Vulpia myuros subsp. pseudomyuros (Soy.-Will.) Maire & Weiller (1955)
Vulpia myuros var. deserti Mouterde (1966)
Vulpia myuros var. hirsuta Hack. (1880)
Vulpia myuros var. megalura (Nutt.) Auquier (1977)
Vulpia myuros var. myuros
Vulpia myuros var. pseudomyuros (Soy.-Will.) Fiori (1923)
Vulpia myuros var. subuniglumis Hack. (1880)
Vulpia pilosa C.C.Gmel. (1805)
Vulpia pseudomyuros (Soy.-Will.) Rchb. (1830)
Vulpia reclinata Dumort. (1873)
Vulpia vaginata St.-Lag. (1889)
Zerna myuros B.D.Jacks. (1895)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kuaihelani (Midway Atoll) Naturalized
Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Specimens

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Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 74 (1753)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1603 (MI, K, O, Mo, L, M, H [as Vulpia myuros]); Starr & Starr 2011:32 (EM, high elev record); Wagner et al. 2012:101 (NOM:Syn. V. myuros)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Festuca myuros L. Ulupalakua Growing nicely in pasture; common. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E.Y. 1768 Maui BISH 4/8/1937
2 Festuca myuros L. waianae range. ridge crest; 2/3 of way from palikea to polakea pass PRESERVED_SPECIMEN obata, j.k. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 4/7/1987
3 Festuca myuros L. mauna loa strip rd. ca. 10.3 miles towards summit from kona-hilo hwy. intersection. (plot 26a) Montane Deschampsia grassland community (mountain parkland formation). PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 22 Hawaii BISH 7/6/1966
4 Festuca myuros L. Mauna Loa Strip Rd. ca. 3 miles from Kona-Hilo Hwy. intersection & 0.25 mile before Kipuka Ki. (Plot 38) Metrosideros-native shrub-lichen community on a`a lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 294 Hawaii BISH 8/4/1966
5 Festuca myuros L. east maui, nuu, waiopai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 1857.m Maui BISH 3/6/1920
6 Festuca myuros L. Mount Tantalus summit Open grassland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A.S. 13868 Oahu BISH 6/24/1916
7 Festuca myuros L. waianae range; kolekole pass lava flows PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lee, h.a. collector number: 296 Maui BISH 5/31/1926
8 Festuca myuros L. Waianae Mts., Palikea, Mauna Kapu common along trail, but most dead this time of year. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 172 Oahu BISH 7/29/1966
9 Festuca myuros L. [hawaiian islands; u.s.a.; molokai; hawaii; maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: s.n. Molokai BISH
10 Festuca myuros L. Waianae Range, Palehua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 1686.O Oahu BISH 4/1/1911
11 Festuca myuros L. ewa district; waianae mountains, palikea (mauna kapu trail, near beginning of trail) Associated with koa, ironwood. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 38 Oahu BISH 3/26/1966
12 Festuca myuros L. Kaohai, Kapua On grassy slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E.Y. 1978 Lanai BISH 4/15/1938
13 Festuca myuros L. waianae range, palehua on lava rock in sand PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 1686.o Oahu BISH 4/1/1911
14 Festuca myuros L. East Maui, Haleakala Crater, on trail 0.25 mile E of Holua Cabin On a`a lava. Locally common with Styphelia, Gnaphalium, Silene, Anthoxanthum, etc. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Henrickson, J.S. 3718b Maui BISH 6/24/1969
15 Festuca myuros L. Summit of Haulalai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 211.H Hawaii BISH 6/19/1911
16 Festuca myuros L. East Maui, upper Kula. Roadside grass in bare soil areas. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 4184 Maui BISH 5/15/2004
17 Festuca myuros L. Waianae Mountains; Honouliuli, Pouilihale Ridge Semi-moist wooded ridge. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 13784 Oahu BISH 5/2/1937
18 Festuca myuros L. Hawaii Volcanos National Park, Bird Park (Kipuka Puaulu), picnic grounds, near shelter PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 386 Hawaii BISH 3/28/1967
19 Festuca myuros L. kaohai, kapua On grassy slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hosaka, e.y. collector number: 1978 Lanai BISH 4/15/1938
20 Festuca myuros L. east maui, haleakala crater, ca. 1 mile e of holua cabin Common on ground in thick clumps and on Metrosideros. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN henrickson, j.s. collector number: 3938 Oahu BISH 7/20/1969
21 Festuca myuros L. ewa district; waianae mountains, palikea (mauna kapu trail) Small clumps growing on path; assoc. with false staghorn, Metrosideros. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 42 Oahu BISH 3/26/1966
22 Festuca myuros L. Waianae Range; Kolekole Pass Open hillside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lee, H.A. 296 Oahu BISH 5/31/1926
23 Festuca myuros L. some distance up from the shelter at end of Mauna Loa scenic strip road In open rocky area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herat, T. 643 Hawaii BISH 6/19/1974
24 Festuca myuros L. Waianae Mountains; Kealia, zig-zag trail up cliff Steep rocky slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 12855 Oahu BISH 2/2/1936
25 Festuca myuros L. ca. 200 meters down hilina pali rd. from intersection with chain of craters rd. (plot 1) Metrosideros-native shrub-Andropogon community. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 423 Hawaii BISH 8/15/1966
26 Festuca myuros L. Mauna Kea Volcano, S slope: road from saddle (Humuula Sta to State Park cabins (Hale Pohaku) Tussock grassland (Deschampsia nubigena, Danthonia sp., Trisetum glomeratum & many spp. intro.) Sophora chrysophylla savanna, on porous basaltic sands & volcanic ash slopes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Iltis, H.H. H-181 Hawaii BISH 6/23/1967
27 Festuca myuros L. Ewa District; Waianae Mountains, Palikea (Mauna Kapu Trail, near beginning of trail (300-400 yards from the radar installation) Common on dry exposed hillside; assoc.with Metrosideros, Eucalyptus, Eragrostis grandis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 35 Oahu BISH 3/26/1966
28 Festuca myuros L. West slope of Mauna Kea, Puu Laau Dry, in shade of mamani trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ewart III, G.R. 213 Hawaii BISH 5/29/1932
29 Festuca myuros L. mount tantalus summit Open grassland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hitchcock, a.s. collector number: 13868 Oahu BISH 6/24/1916
30 Festuca myuros L. waianae mountains; waianaeuka. kaala trail above schofield, between kolekole pass & puu kalena In cleared firebreak. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 12971 Oahu BISH 3/8/1936
31 Festuca myuros L. mauna o ahi ridge, near koko head PRESERVED_SPECIMEN egler, f.e. collector number: 37-42 Lanai BISH 6/20/1937
32 Festuca myuros L. north hilo; humuula PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, k.m. collector number: 4213 Hawaii BISH 7/7/1991
33 Festuca myuros L. Ewa District; Waianae Mountains, Palikea (Mauna Kapu Trail, near beginning of trail) Associated with koa, ironwood. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 38 Oahu BISH 3/26/1966
34 Festuca myuros L. East Maui, Haleakala Crater, Ca. 1 mile E of Holua Cabin Common on crater floor on a`a lava & cinders. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Henrickson, J.S. 3938 Maui BISH 7/20/1969
35 Festuca myuros L. east maui, hana district, kipahulu forest reserve, healani stream area Vegetation: Holcus, Melinis, Sacciolepis & Acacia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN higashino, p.k. mizuno, g. collector number: 1839 Maui BISH 6/14/1976
36 Festuca myuros L. Waianae Range; top of Mt. Kaala, crest just SE of radar towers/swampy woods west of radar t.& rd Weed of roadside & disturbed areas. Dripping-wet, locally swampy moss- & fern-covered cloud forest of gnarled 3-5 m Metrosideros collina, Cheirodendron platyphyllum, Broussaisia arguta, Cibotium spp., Coprosma & Styphelia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN van Royen, P. H-418 Oahu BISH 8/2/1967
37 Festuca myuros L. kipuka nene, across road from picnic shelter In dry shaded area; associated with Metrosideros, Andropogon virginicus, A. glomerata, Bromus rubens, Scaevola kilaueae. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 265a Hawaii BISH 8/15/1966
38 Festuca myuros L. above hookomo Hilltop, on rock. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. hartt, c. collector number: 770 Hawaii BISH 8/9/1935
39 Festuca myuros L. mauna loa strip road On `a`a lava in open Metrosideros 10-15 m tall, native shrub. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN higashino, p.k. collector number: 10020 Hawaii BISH 5/5/1983
40 Festuca myuros L. Above Hookomo Hilltop, on rock. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. 770 Hawaii BISH 8/9/1935
41 Festuca myuros L. some distance up from the shelter at end of mauna loa scenic strip road In open rocky area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herat, t. herat, r.; higashino, p.k. collector number: 643 Hawaii BISH 6/19/1974
42 Festuca myuros L. Lahaina District, West Maui Natural Area Reserve Occasional on windswept peak overlooking Olowalu Valley, growing on cindery open substrate. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. #H41301 Maui BISH 4/2/2013
43 Festuca myuros L. hawaii national park; nama kane paio Frequent in Koa-shrub Kipuka PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fagerlund, g.o. mitchell, a.l. collector number: 610 Hawaii BISH 6/3/1943
44 Festuca myuros L. [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; Molokai; Hawaii; Maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. s.n. Molokai BISH
45 Festuca myuros L. nuuanu pali, along cliff PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hitchcock, a.s. collector number: 13779 Oahu BISH 6/17/1916
46 Festuca myuros L. Crater Rim Road ca. 15 meters towards Volcano Observatory from the short of road connecting Crater Rim Rd. & Kona-Hilo Hwy. (Plot 50) Scattered Metrosideros-native shrub-lichen community on ash-covered pahoehoe lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 461 Hawaii BISH 8/19/1966
47 Festuca myuros L. waianae range; waianae mts., e ridge of haleanau gulch, schofield barracks military reservation west range In burn area; with Acacia koa, Buddleja & Phytolacca. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN higashino, p.k. stemmermann, r.l. collector number: 5615 Oahu BISH 2/27/1977
48 Festuca myuros L. w maui, hanaulaiki PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 2390 Maui BISH 5/1/1985
49 Festuca myuros L. near shelter at end of Mauna Loa scenic strip road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herat, T. 633 Hawaii BISH 6/19/1974
50 Festuca myuros L. w maui, wailuku district, waikapu, nhps hibiscus brackenridgei exclosure Inside exclosure. Associated vegetation: Sida fallax, Hibiscus brackenridgei. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. martz, k. collector number: 010210-3 Maui BISH 2/10/2001
51 Festuca myuros L. Nuuanu Pali, along cliff PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A.S. 13779 Oahu BISH 6/17/1916
52 Festuca myuros L. mt. kaala natural area reserve Halfway across the boardwalk, on side of boardwalk. Forest of ohia, olapa, lapalapa, pukiawe, ohelo, uki. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gagné, b.h. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 8/5/2006
53 Festuca myuros L. Hawaii Volcanos National Park, Kipuka Nene, across road from picnic area. semi-arid, shaded PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 390 Hawaii BISH 3/28/1967
54 Festuca myuros L. Saddle Road, about 26 miles from Hilo Dry, open grass area with a few Acacia koa, Sophora, and Coprosma ernodioides. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 402 Hawaii BISH 3/29/1967
55 Festuca myuros L. waianae range; top of mt. kaala, crest just se of radar towers/swampy woods west of radar t.& rd Weed of roadside & disturbed areas. Dripping-wet, locally swampy moss- & fern-covered cloud forest of gnarled 3-5 m Metrosideros collina, Cheirodendron platyphyllum, Broussaisia arguta, Cibotium spp., Coprosma & Styphelia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN van royen, p. bryan, e.h.; yoshinaga, a.; iltis, h.h.; iltis, m. collector number: h-418 Oahu BISH 8/2/1967
56 Festuca myuros L. hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN whitney, l.d. collector number: 4471 Hawaii BISH
57 Festuca myuros L. Hawaii National Park; Moana Loa truck trail In corral. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fagerlund, G.O. 437 Hawaii BISH 3/3/1943
58 Festuca myuros L. waianae mountains; honouliuli, pouilihale ridge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 13784 Kauai BISH 5/2/1937
59 Festuca myuros L. 1.5 miles down Hilina Pali Switchback Trail from end of Hilina Pali Rd. (Plot 46a) Very open Metrosideros-Diospyros forest on a`a lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 433 Hawaii BISH 8/18/1966
60 Festuca myuros L. mauna loa strip rd. ca. 3 miles from kona-hilo hwy. intersection & 0.25 mile before kipuka ki. (plot 38) Metrosideros-native shrub-lichen community on a`a lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 294 Hawaii BISH 8/4/1966
61 Festuca myuros L. ca. 0.5 miles up mauna loa summit trail from end of mauna loa strip rd. (plot 17) Subalpine Metrosideros-Sophora-native shrub community. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 69 Hawaii BISH 7/18/1966
62 Festuca myuros L. mauna loa strip rd. ca. 10.3 miles towards summit from kona-hilo hwy. intersection. (plot 26a) Montane Deschampsia grassland community (mountain parkland formation). PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 23 Hawaii BISH 7/6/1966
63 Festuca myuros L. W Maui, Wailuku District, Waikapu, NHPS Hibiscus brackenridgei exclosure Inside exclosure. Associated vegetation: Sida fallax, Hibiscus brackenridgei. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. Martz, K. Collector Number: 010210-3 Maui BISH 2/10/2001
64 Festuca myuros L. Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Whitney, L.D. 4471 Hawaii BISH 4/19/1905
65 Festuca myuros L. 0.7 miles down Hilina Pali Switchback Trail from end of Hilina Pali Rd. (Plot 46b) Dwarf shrub & grass community in fine ash pockets. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 772 Hawaii BISH 9/3/1966
66 Festuca myuros L. east maui, haleakala crater, on trail 0.25 mile e of holua cabin On a`a lava. Locally common with Styphelia, Gnaphalium, Silene, Anthoxanthum, etc. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN henrickson, j.s. vogl, r. collector number: 3718b Maui BISH 6/24/1969
67 Festuca myuros L. summit of haulalai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 205.h Hawaii BISH 6/19/1911
68 Festuca myuros L. Haleakala Observatories, Puu Kolekoloe. Science City Naturalized. Developed alpine desert (Argryoxiphium sandwicense, Dubautia menziesii, Erodium cicutarium). PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 090504-04 Maui BISH 5/4/2009
69 Festuca myuros L. 1.5 miles down hilina pali switchback trail from end of hilina pali rd. (plot 46a) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 433 Oahu BISH 8/18/1966
70 Festuca myuros L. Mauna Kea; Humuula Trail, above Humuula Edge of rough lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. 776 Hawaii BISH 8/9/1935
71 Festuca myuros L. Waianae Range. Ridge crest; 2/3 of way from Palikea to Polakea Pass Open dry exposed ridge top. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Obata, J.K. s.n. Oahu BISH 4/7/1987
72 Festuca myuros L. South Kohala, Waimea, Puu Holoholoku paddock Common in pasture where the soil is shallow on knolls. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E.Y. 2111 Hawaii BISH 5/26/1938
73 Festuca myuros L. near shelter at end of mauna loa scenic strip road From air-layered plants in containers. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herat, t. herat, r.; higashino, p.k. collector number: 633 Oahu BISH 6/19/1974
74 Festuca myuros L. south kohala, waimea, puu holoholoku paddock Common in pasture where the soil is shallow on knolls. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hosaka, e.y. collector number: 2111 Hawaii BISH 5/26/1938
75 Festuca myuros L. Waianae Dist.; Waianae Mts., upper Kalaukauilai Gulch, NW facing slope Pockets of remnant dryland forest of Diospyros sandwicensis, Osmanthus, with few alien species such as Passiflora, Leucaena & Eupatorium riparium; margin of forest in previously burned over area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 5608 Oahu BISH 7/21/1985
76 Festuca myuros L. midway atoll PRESERVED_SPECIMEN meagher, v.j. collector number: unknown Midway Atoll BISH
77 Festuca myuros L. kokee state park, along highway 550 near nasa tracking station PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 833 Kauai BISH 4/25/1984
78 Festuca myuros L. waimea canyon drive, ca. 3.3 miles from waimea Common on edge of Waimea Canyon, north exposure on 75 degree slope dominated by Leucaena. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 996 Kauai BISH 2/7/1985
79 Festuca myuros L. Ewa District; Waianae Mountains, Palikea (Mauna Kapu Trail) Small clumps growing on path; assoc. with false staghorn, Metrosideros. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 42 Oahu BISH 3/26/1966
80 Festuca myuros L. Mauna Loa Strip Rd. ca. 10.3 miles towards summit from Kona-Hilo Hwy. intersection. (Plot 26a) Montane Deschampsia grassland community (mountain parkland formation). PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 23 Hawaii BISH 7/6/1966
81 Festuca myuros L. Near S Point Windswept pasture. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Whitney, L.D. 4100 Hawaii BISH 4/2/1936
82 Festuca myuros L. Summit of Haulalai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 205.H Hawaii BISH 6/19/1911
83 Festuca myuros L. Hamakua, Waimea, upper Paauhau PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E.Y. 2200 Hawaii BISH 6/3/1938
84 Festuca myuros L. Puu Laau, near the hunter's cabin PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 5215 Hawaii BISH 1/18/1975
85 Festuca myuros L. 1.5 miles down hilina pali switchback trail from end of hilina pali rd. (plot 46a) Very open Metrosideros-Diospyros forest on a`a lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 273 Hawaii BISH 8/2/1966
86 Festuca myuros L. Waianae District; Waianae Mountains. Mt. Kaala, within 100 yard radius of the radar installation PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 125 Oahu BISH 6/11/1966
87 Festuca myuros L. summit of haulalai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 211.h Hawaii BISH 6/19/1911
88 Festuca myuros L. Kipuka Nene, across road from picnic shelter In dry shaded area; associated with Metrosideros, Andropogon virginicus, A. glomerata, Bromus rubens, Scaevola kilaueae. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 265A Hawaii BISH 8/15/1966
89 Festuca myuros L. W Maui, Wailuku District, Waikapu, NHPS Hibiscus brackenridgei exclosure Inside exclosure. Associated vegetation: Sida fallax, Hibiscus brackenridgei. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 010210-3 Maui BISH 2/10/2001
90 Festuca myuros L. waianae district; waianae mountains. mt. kaala, within 100 yard radius of the radar installation PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 125 Oahu BISH 6/11/1966
91 Festuca myuros L. Top of cliff near Nanakuli PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Whitney, L.D. 4055 Oahu BISH 2/16/1936
92 Festuca myuros L. ca. 0.5 miles up Mauna Loa summit trail from end of Mauna Loa Strip Rd. (Plot 17) Subalpine Metrosideros-Sophora-native shrub community. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 69 Hawaii BISH 7/18/1966
93 Festuca myuros L. ca. 200 meters west of rain shelter on hilina pali rd. (plot 2). in grass- land just west pf pahoehoe lava flow Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest, W/ Alphitonia ponderosa, Claoxylon sandwicensis, Myrsine lanaiensis, Wikstroemia furcata, Dodonaea viscosa, Kadua affinis, Melicope ovata, Pleomele aurea, Tetraplasandra kavaiensis, Psychotria greenwe PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 276 Kauai BISH 8/3/1966
94 Festuca myuros L. haleakala observatories, puu kolekoloe. science city PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. starr, k. collector number: 090504-04 Kauai BISH 5/4/2009
95 Festuca myuros L. Mauna Loa Strip Road On `a`a lava in open Metrosideros 10-15 m tall, native shrub. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Higashino, P.K. 10020 Hawaii BISH 5/5/1983
96 Festuca myuros L. crater rim road ca. 1.3 miles past volcano observatory towards halemaumau crater parking lot. (plot 51) Metrosideros-native shrub-scattered lichen community on ash-covered pahoehoe lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 448 Hawaii BISH 8/19/1966
97 Festuca myuros L. Kokee State Park, along Highway 550 near NASA Tracking Station PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 833 Kauai BISH 4/25/1984
98 Festuca myuros L. fire break above schofield barracks PRESERVED_SPECIMEN whitney, l.d. collector number: 4091 Oahu BISH 3/23/1936
99 Festuca myuros L. 0.7 miles down hilina pali switchback trail from end of hilina pali rd. (plot 46b) moist stream bed PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 772 Oahu BISH 9/3/1966
100 Festuca myuros L. East Maui, Hana District, Kipahulu Forest Reserve, Healani Stream area Vegetation: Holcus, Melinis, Sacciolepis & Acacia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Higashino, P.K. 1839 Maui BISH 6/14/1976
101 Festuca myuros L. W Maui, Hanaulaiki PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2390 Maui BISH 5/1/1985
102 Festuca myuros L. crater rim road ca. 15 meters towards volcano observatory from the short of road connecting crater rim rd. & kona-hilo hwy. (plot 50) Scattered Metrosideros-native shrub-lichen community on ash-covered pahoehoe lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 461 Hawaii BISH 8/19/1966
103 Festuca myuros L. near s point moderately wet pineapple field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN whitney, l.d. collector number: 4100 Oahu BISH 4/2/1936
104 Festuca myuros L. ca. 1 mile up Mauna Loa summit trail. (Plot 16) Subalpine Metrosideros-shrub community on a`a lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 211 Hawaii BISH 7/29/1966
105 Festuca myuros L. Fire break above Schofield Barracks PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Whitney, L.D. 4091 Oahu BISH 3/23/1936
106 Festuca myuros L. kukaiau ranch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lee, h.a. collector number: 181 Lanai BISH 3/1/1926
107 Festuca myuros L. East Maui, Nuu, Waiopai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 1857.M Maui BISH 3/6/1920
108 Festuca myuros L. puu laau, near the hunter's cabin PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 5215 Hawaii BISH 1/18/1975
109 Festuca myuros L. Kukaiau Ranch In pasture. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lee, H.A. 181 Hawaii BISH 3/1/1926
110 Festuca myuros L. Hawaii National Park; Nama Kane Paio Frequent in Koa-shrub Kipuka PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fagerlund, G.O. 610 Hawaii BISH 6/3/1943
111 Festuca myuros L. hilina pali trail Steep, arid, grassy, badly disturbed, sea-facing basalt cliffs and scree-slopes of volcanic ash and boulders, with rare trees of Metrosideros collina. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN iltis, h.h. lieth, h.; newell, c. collector number: 124a Hawaii BISH 6/22/1967
112 Festuca myuros L. west slope of mauna kea, puu laau Dry, in shade of mamani trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ewart iii, g.r. collector number: 213 Hawaii BISH 5/29/1932
113 Festuca myuros L. top of cliff near nanakuli PRESERVED_SPECIMEN whitney, l.d. collector number: 4055 Oahu BISH 2/16/1936
114 Festuca myuros L. waianae mountains; kealia, zig-zag trail up cliff Steep rocky slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 12855 Oahu BISH 2/2/1936
115 Festuca myuros L. west maui, wailuku district, ridge ne of pohakea gulch Occasional in degraded, open area. Uncommon in degraded forest formerly grazed. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. brosius, c. collector number: h120511 Maui BISH 12/20/2005
116 Festuca myuros L. Mt. Kaala Natural Area Reserve Halfway across the boardwalk, on side of boardwalk. Forest of ohia, olapa, lapalapa, pukiawe, ohelo, uki. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gagne, B.H. s.n. Oahu BISH 8/5/2006
117 Festuca myuros L. North Hilo, Humuula Fairly wet pasture land. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ewart III, G.R. 170 Hawaii BISH 5/2/1932
118 Festuca myuros L. north hilo, humuula Fairly wet pasture land. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ewart iii, g.r. collector number: 170 Hawaii BISH 5/2/1932
119 Festuca myuros L. Waimea Canyon Drive, ca. 3.3 miles from Waimea Common on edge of Waimea Canyon, north exposure on 75 degree slope dominated by Leucaena. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 996 Kauai BISH 2/7/1985
120 Festuca myuros L. Halemanu near edge of Waimea Canyon along trail to Waipoo Falls On dry exposed ridge. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 2382 Kauai BISH 4/10/1972
121 Festuca myuros L. ulupalakua Growing nicely in pasture; common. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hosaka, e.y. collector number: 1768 Maui BISH 4/8/1937
122 Festuca myuros L. halemanu near edge of waimea canyon along trail to waipoo falls Growing in upper wet forest below conifer plantings. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 2382 Maui BISH 4/10/1972
123 Festuca myuros L. hamakua, waimea, upper paauhau PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hosaka, e.y. collector number: 2200 Hawaii BISH 6/3/1938
124 Festuca myuros L. mauna loa strip rd. ca. 3 miles from kona-hilo hwy. intersection & 0.25 mile before kipuka ki. (plot 38) Acacia koa, Metrosideros, Pelea, Antidesma, Nestegis, Hedyotis PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 294 Kauai BISH 8/4/1966
125 Festuca myuros L. Mauna o Ahi Ridge, near Koko Head Dry forest zone rock crevice plant. Locally common. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Egler, F.E. 37-42 Oahu BISH 6/20/1937
126 Festuca myuros L. waianae dist.; waianae mts., upper kalaukauilai gulch, nw facing slope PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. lau, j.; ikawa, m. collector number: 5608 Oahu BISH 7/21/1985
127 Festuca myuros L. Hilina Pali Trail Steep, arid, grassy, badly disturbed, sea-facing basalt cliffs and scree-slopes of volcanic ash and boulders, with rare trees of Metrosideros collina. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Iltis, H.H. 124a Hawaii BISH 6/22/1967
128 Festuca myuros L. Kaala roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kawelo, K. USARMY 059 Oahu BISH 5/22/2007
129 Festuca myuros L. ca. 1 mile up mauna loa summit trail. (plot 16) Subalpine Metrosideros-shrub community on a`a lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 211 Hawaii BISH 7/29/1966
130 Festuca myuros L. North Hilo; Humuula Not uncommon along roadways in company with Epilobium and Polygonum capitatum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, K.M. 4213 Hawaii BISH 7/7/1991
131 Festuca myuros L. 3.7 miles up on road, 2nd kamiloloa heights PRESERVED_SPECIMEN g. hughes 363 COLO 2/3/1992
132 Festuca myuros L. summit of hualalai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 205 h DUKE 6/19/1911
133 Festuca myuros L. the hawaiian islands. lanai. kaohai, kapua. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN e. y. hosaka & h. st. john 1978 MICH 4/15/1938
134 Festuca myuros L. in volcano kilauea, t.h. Light woods near rainforest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. faurie 1345 MIN
135 Festuca myuros L. on rd from saddle (huuula sta.) to state park cabins (halepohaku), s slope of mauna kea volcano N/A PRESERVED_SPECIMEN iltis, h.h.; iltis, c.m. h-181 NCSC 6/23/1967
136 Festuca myuros L. the hawaiian islands. along river near rainbow falls. hilo, rainbow falls. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 14197 NY 8/18/1916
137 Festuca myuros L. on oahu. palehua, waianae range. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 1686 g* NY 4/1/1911
138 Festuca myuros L. at ulupalakua on maui. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN e. y. hosaka 1786 NY 4/8/1937
139 Festuca myuros L. t.h. kukaiau ranch. north slopes of mauna kea. Lowland wet ridge in open forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN p. rubtzoff 2643b Kauai US 7/10/1956
140 Festuca myuros L. the hawaiian islands. oahu: summit of mount tantalus. honolulu, mt. tantalus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 13868 US 6/24/1916
141 Festuca myuros L. The Hawaiian Islands. Oahu: Summit of Mount Tantalus. Honolulu, Mt. Tantalus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 13868 US 6/24/2016
142 Festuca myuros L. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ex herb. Hillebrand s.n. US 1/16/1905
143 Festuca myuros L. In volcano Kilauea, T.H. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Faurie, A. 1345 US 5/9/2020
144 Festuca myuros L. Hilina Pali (Escarpment), Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Hilina Pali Trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Iltis, H. H.; Lieth, H.; Newell, C. 124a Hawaii US 6/22/1967
145 Festuca myuros L. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ex herb. hillebrand s.n. US 1843-09-11
146 Festuca myuros L. T.H. Kukaiau Ranch. North slopes of Mauna Kea. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rubtzoff, P. 2643B US 7/10/1956
147 Festuca myuros L. Awehi Road, in the Gardenia brighamii outplaning exclosure. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H30715 Lanai PTBG 3/21/2007
148 Festuca myuros L. Waimea Canyon State Park. Puu Lua. Lua Reservoir. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2713 A Kauai PTBG 1/27/1988
149 Festuca myuros L. Kaunakakai, Forestry Rd. Along disturbed, unpaved roadside in Acacia mearnsii forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H40903 Molokai PTBG 4/1/2009
150 Festuca myuros L. Kokee State Park. Along Hwy. 550 near NASA Tracking Station. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 833 Kauai PTBG 4/25/1984
151 Festuca myuros L. Waimea Canyon State Park, Iliau Loop Trail. Mixed Acacia-Metrosideros Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 4551 Kauai PTBG 4/17/1991
152 Festuca myuros L. Waikapu, Kaonohua Gulch. Pasture in degraded Dodonaea shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H20115 Maui PTBG 2/10/2001
153 Festuca myuros L. Halemanu, near edge of Waimea Canyon, along trail to Waipoo Falls. On dry exposed ridge. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Derral Herbst 2382 Kauai PTBG 4/10/1972
154 Festuca myuros L. Waimea Canyon Drive, ca. 3.3 mi from Waimea. Edge of Waimea Canyon, North exposure, 75 degree slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 996 Kauai PTBG 2/7/1985
155 Festuca myuros L. KAUAI: Waimea District, Waimea Canyon State Park. Along Hwy 550 ca .3 miles past the Waimea Canyon Lookout. Secondary roadside vegetation. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 5536 Kauai PTBG 3/28/1994
156 Festuca myuros L. E. Maui; Haleakala Crater; on crater floor ca. 1 mile East of Holua Cabin on aa lava and cinders. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Henrickson, J. 3938 US 7/20/1969
157 Festuca myuros L. The Hawaiian Islands. Lanai. Kaohai, Kapua. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E. Y.; St. John, H. 1978 US 4/15/1938
158 Festuca myuros L. Crater Rim Road ca. 1.3 miles past Volcano Observatory towards Halemaumau Crater parking lot. (Plot 51) Metrosideros-native shrub-scattered lichen community on ash-covered pahoehoe lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 448 Hawaii BISH 8/19/1966
159 Festuca myuros L. the hawaiian islands. kukaiau ranch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 14210 US 8/19/1916
160 Festuca myuros L. Summit of Hualalai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 205 H US 1911-00-00
161 Festuca myuros L. The Hawaiian Islands. Kukaiau Ranch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 14210 US 8/19/2016
162 Festuca myuros L. hilina pali (escarpment), hawaii volcanoes national park, hilina pali trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. h. iltis, h. lieth & c. newell 124a Hawaii US 6/22/1967
163 Festuca myuros L. The Hawaiian Islands. At summit. Hualalai Mt. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 14530 US 9/2/2016
164 Festuca myuros L. At Ulupalakua on Maui. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E. Y. 1786 US 4/8/1937
165 Festuca myuros L. Summit of Mt Tantalus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 13868 Oahu US 6/24/2016
166 Festuca myuros L. The Hawaiian Islands. Along river near Rainbow Falls. Hilo, Rainbow Falls. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 14197 US 8/18/2016
167 Festuca myuros L. summit of mt tantalus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 13868 Oahu US 6/24/1916
168 Festuca myuros L. On Oahu. Palehua, Waianae Range. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 1686 G* US 1911-00-00
169 Festuca myuros L. 3.7 miles up on Road, 2nd Kamiloloa Heights PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hughes, G. 363 Molokai US 1992-00-00
170 Festuca myuros L. Waimea District; Waimea Canyon State Park; Iliau Loop Trail. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W.; Palmer, D.; Gustafson, B. 4551 Kauai US 4/17/1991
171 Festuca myuros L. the hawaiian islands. at summit. hualalai mt. in gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 14530 VT 9/2/1916
172 Festuca myuros L. e. maui; haleakala crater; on crater floor ca. 1 mile east of holua cabin on aa lava and cinders. Volcanic rock roadbed and cracks & crevices on revegetating lava field. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN j. henrickson 3938 WTU 7/20/1969
173 Festuca myuros L. West Maui, Wailuku District, ridge NE of Pohakea Gulch Occasional in degraded, open area. Uncommon in degraded forest formerly grazed. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H120511 Maui BISH 12/20/2005
174 Festuca myuros L. palikea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN pearsall, g.a. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 6/11/1954
175 Festuca myuros L. ewa district; waianae mountains, palikea (mauna kapu trail, near beginning of trail (300-400 yards from the radar installation) In bare dirt just above sea cliff PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 35 Molokai BISH 3/26/1966
176 Festuca myuros L. Waianae Mountains; Waianaeuka. Kaala Trail above Schofield, between Kolekole Pass & Puu Kalena In cleared firebreak. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 12971 Oahu BISH 3/8/1936
177 Festuca myuros L. hawaii national park; moana loa truck trail In corral. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fagerlund, g.o. mitchell, a.l. collector number: 437 Hawaii BISH 3/3/1943
178 Festuca myuros L. Palikea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Pearsall, G.A. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/11/1954
179 Festuca myuros L. Mauna Loa Strip Rd. ca. 10.3 miles towards summit from Kona-Hilo Hwy. intersection. (Plot 26a) Montane Deschampsia grassland community (mountain parkland formation). PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 22 Hawaii BISH 7/6/1966
180 Festuca myuros L. waimea district; waimea canyon state park; iliau loop trail. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn, d. palmer & b. gustafson 4551 Kauai US 4/17/1991
181 Festuca myuros L. ca. 200 meters west of rain shelter on Hilina Pali Rd. (Plot 2). In grass- land just west pf pahoehoe lava flow Andropogon glomeratus grassland community on ash-covered pahoehoe lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 276 Hawaii BISH 8/3/1966
182 Festuca myuros L. Waianae Range; Waianae Mts., E ridge of Haleanau Gulch, Schofield barracks Military Reservation west range In burn area; with Acacia koa, Buddleja & Phytolacca. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Higashino, P.K. 5615 Oahu BISH 2/27/1977
183 Festuca myuros L. mauna kea volcano, s slope: road from saddle (humuula sta to state park cabins (hale pohaku) Tussock grassland (Deschampsia nubigena, Danthonia sp., Trisetum glomeratum & many spp. intro.) Sophora chrysophylla savanna, on porous basaltic sands & volcanic ash slopes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN iltis, h.h. iltis, c.m. collector number: h-181 Hawaii BISH 6/23/1967
184 Festuca myuros L. 1.5 miles down Hilina Pali Switchback Trail from end of Hilina Pali Rd. (Plot 46a) Very open Metrosideros-Diospyros forest on a`a lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 273 Hawaii BISH 8/2/1966
185 Festuca myuros L. ca. 200 meters down Hilina Pali Rd. from intersection with Chain of Craters Rd. (Plot 1) Metrosideros-native shrub-Andropogon community. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 423 Hawaii BISH 8/15/1966
186 Festuca myuros L. kaala roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN us army kawelo, k. collector number: usarmy 59 Oahu BISH 5/22/2007
187 Festuca myuros L. Napali Coast, Nualolo Kai. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 2297 Kauai PTBG 5/2/2010
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